Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Atomically dispersed golds on degradable zero-valent copper nanocubes augment oxygen driven Fenton-like reaction for effective orthotopic tumor therapy

doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-35515-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: a The cytotoxicity study of Cu@SA, Au@SA, and Au/Cu 0 @SAnanocubes with HepG2-Red-FLuc liver cancer cells by using MTT assay through 100 ppm in Cu concentration. b Live (green color) and dead cells (red color) stained with fluorescent green dye (Calein-AM) and red dye (propidium iodide), respectively, for cancer cells treated with Cu@SA, Au@SA, and Au/Cu 0 @SA nanocubes (one representative data was shown from three independently repeated experiments). c The profiles of cells viability with different Au 0.02 Cu 0.98 @SA concentrations for 24 h incubation at 37 °C. d Flow cytometry analysis of HepG2-Red-FLuc cancer cells treated with Cu@SA, Au@SA, and Au/Cu 0 @SA nanocubes. All data were obtained in triplicate ( n = 3, the error bars represented mean ± SD). Source data are provided as a Source Data file.

Article Snippet: HepG2-Red-FLuc cells were obtained from PerkinElmer (Product No. BW134280).

Techniques: MTT Assay, Concentration Assay, Staining, Incubation, Flow Cytometry

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Atomically dispersed golds on degradable zero-valent copper nanocubes augment oxygen driven Fenton-like reaction for effective orthotopic tumor therapy

doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-35515-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: a The morphology of Au 0.02 Cu 0.98 @SA nanocubes treated with or without HepG2-Red-FLuc cancer cells as a function of time. b Cu + release stained by CopperGreen dye showing green color as a function of time and the corresponding quantitative analysis. c H 2 O 2 generation stained by hydrogen peroxide assay kit showing green color as a function of time and the corresponding quantitative analysis. d •OH generation stained by APF dye showing green color as a function of time and the corresponding quantitative analysis. e Analysis of hemolysis in blood containing 2% red blood cells from Au 0.02 Cu 0.98 @SA nanocubes. Negative and positive controls were conducted by immersing red blood cells in PBS and water, respectively. f Cytotoxicity analysis of vascular endothelial cells treated with Au 0.02 Cu 0.98 @SA nanocubes. The scale bar is 100 μm in all fluorescence images. All data were obtained in triplicate ( n = 3, the error bars represented mean ± SD, and p -values were calculated by one-way ANOVA). Source data are provided as a Source Data file (one representative data was shown from three independently repeated experiments).

Article Snippet: HepG2-Red-FLuc cells were obtained from PerkinElmer (Product No. BW134280).

Techniques: Staining, H2O2 Assay, Fluorescence

Journal: Nature Communications

Article Title: Atomically dispersed golds on degradable zero-valent copper nanocubes augment oxygen driven Fenton-like reaction for effective orthotopic tumor therapy

doi: 10.1038/s41467-022-35515-8

Figure Lengend Snippet: a Histology morphology of each organ with PBS and Au 0.02 Cu 0.98 @SA nanocubes on post-injection day 7 was observed by H&E staining (scale bar, 200 µm). b The biodistribution was determined by Cu concentration collected from Au 0.02 Cu 0.98 @SA nanocubes through intravenous injection (the inset showing accumulation without liver, n = 3). c Antitumor efficacy of different nanocubes (Au@SA, Au 0.5 Cu 0.5 @SA, Cu@SA, and Au 0.02 Cu 0.98 @SA) in HepG2-Red-FLuc orthotopic liver tumor mice ( n = 3). Tumor growth was monitored by the IVIS system. d The IVIS bioluminescence of livers with hepatocellular carcinoma in each treatment group after mice were sacrificed ( n = 3). e The expression of phospho-histone H2A.X (Ser139) and cleaved caspase-3 (Asp175) within hepatocellular carcinoma from each treatment group mice by IHC staining (scale bar, 100 µm). Experiments of H&E staining and IHC staining were repeated at least three times independently with similar tendencies and the result from a representative experiment was shown. The error bars represented mean ± SEM ( b–d ). The p -value was calculated by one-way ANOVA.

Article Snippet: HepG2-Red-FLuc cells were obtained from PerkinElmer (Product No. BW134280).

Techniques: Injection, Staining, Concentration Assay, Expressing, Immunohistochemistry

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Insulin signaling and glucose metabolism in different hepatoma cell lines deviate from hepatocyte physiology toward a convergent aberrant phenotype

doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-68721-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: The HepG2 human hepatoma cell line displays aberrant insulin signaling compared to murine primary hepatocytes. ( a ) Immunoblot analysis of insulin signaling in primary mouse hepatocytes infected with a control adenovirus expressing the GFP or a virus expressing the negative dominant RAS mutant H-RAS17N and stimulated with 10 nM insulin for 8 min. ( b ) Quantification of blots in ( a ). ( c ) Immunoblot analysis of insulin signaling and insulin receptor phosphorylation performed as in ( a ) but using the HepG2 cell line. ( d ) Quantification of blots in ( c ). n = 3 biological replicates (mice) for primary hepatocytes and 3 independent experiments for HepG2. Data are represented as mean ± SEM.

Article Snippet: Thereby, we have examined the information available on the HepG2 cell line at Broad Institute Cancer Cell Line encyclopedia (CCLE), where we have found 386 entries for mutations in the HepG2 genome.

Techniques: Western Blot, Infection, Control, Expressing, Virus, Mutagenesis, Phospho-proteomics

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Insulin signaling and glucose metabolism in different hepatoma cell lines deviate from hepatocyte physiology toward a convergent aberrant phenotype

doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-68721-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: Hepatoma cell lines display severely impaired gluconeogenic gene expression and blunted glucose production. ( a ) qPCR analysis of mRNA levels of glucose 6 phosphatase (G6P) and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase (PEPCK) in primary mouse hepatocytes exposed for 6 h to 100 µM of dbcAMP, or 10 nM insulin, or 100 µM dbcAMP and 10 nM insulin. ( b ) qPCR analysis of mRNA levels of G6P and PEPCK in Hepa 1–6 cells treated as in ( a ). ( c ) qPCR analysis of mRNA levels of G6P and PEPCK in McARH7777 cell line treated as in ( a ). ( s ) qPCR analysis of mRNA levels of G6P and PEPCK in HepG2 cells treated as in ( a ). ( e ) Direct comparison of basal and cAMP-induced G6P and PEPCK mRNA levels in primary mouse hepatocytes and mouse Hepa 1–6. ( f ) Immunoblot analysis of insulin-driven AKT Thr 308 phosphorylation, AKT Ser 473 phosphorylation and GSK3β phosphorylation in primary hepatocytes and Hepa 1–6 cells stimulated for 8 min with 10 nM insulin. ( g ) Quantification of blots in ( f ). ( h ) Relative glucose production in primary hepatocytes, Hepa 1–6, McARH7777, and HepG2 stimulated with 100 µM dbcAMP in presence or not of 10 nM insulin for 6 h. n = 8 for ( a ); n = 5 for ( b ); n = 8 for ( c ); n = 7 for ( d ); and ( e ) n = 8 for heaptocytes and n = 5 for Hepa 1–6 n = 3 for ( f , g ) n = 3; for ( h ) n = 5 hepatocytes and n = 4 for each hepatoma cell line. n indicates biological replicates for primary hepatocytes, and independent experiments for cell lines. Data are represented as mean ± SEM.

Article Snippet: Thereby, we have examined the information available on the HepG2 cell line at Broad Institute Cancer Cell Line encyclopedia (CCLE), where we have found 386 entries for mutations in the HepG2 genome.

Techniques: Gene Expression, Comparison, Western Blot, Phospho-proteomics

Journal: Scientific Reports

Article Title: Insulin signaling and glucose metabolism in different hepatoma cell lines deviate from hepatocyte physiology toward a convergent aberrant phenotype

doi: 10.1038/s41598-020-68721-9

Figure Lengend Snippet: Hepatoma cell lines display reduced fatty acid synthase expression and a distinct protein electrophoresis pattern. ( a ) Immunoblot analysis of FAS on primary hepatocytes, Hepa 1–6, McARH7777, and HepG2. ( b ) Quantification of blots in ( a ). ( c ) Coomassie staining of a protein electrophoresis of extracts from human primary hepatocytes, murine primary hepatocytes, Hepa 1–6, McARH7777, and HepG2. n = 9 for a and b; n = 2–3 for c. n indicates biological replicates for primary hepatocytes, technical replicates for human hepatocytes, and independent experiments for cell lines. Data are represented as mean ± SEM.

Article Snippet: Thereby, we have examined the information available on the HepG2 cell line at Broad Institute Cancer Cell Line encyclopedia (CCLE), where we have found 386 entries for mutations in the HepG2 genome.

Techniques: Expressing, Protein Electrophoresis, Western Blot, Staining